《俱舍論》對勘材料( 427 / 591)
標識序號01-18-10:
| 梵語 |
atha kasmāt asaṃskṛtaṃ dhātvāyatane coktaṃ na skandhe/
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| 真諦譯 |
複次雲何於界、入中說無為,陰中不說?
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| 玄奘譯 |
何故無為說在處、界,非蘊攝耶?
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| 英譯 |
Why the unconditioned (asaṃskṛta),that form part of the dharmāyatana and of the dharmadhātu (i 15 d) do not form part of the skandhas ?
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| 現代漢語釋 |
為什麼無為包含在處、界中,而不是蘊中?
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對勘分析:
以四行為一組,每組自上而下分別為梵語、真諦譯、玄奘譯和梵語語法標注。
atha kasmāt asaṃskṛtaṃ dhātuṣu āyataneṣu ca uktam na tu skandheṣu/
無為 於 界 入 中 說 不 說 陰 中
何故 無為 在 界 處 說 非 蘊 攝
ind 陽單從 中單體 陽複依 中複依ind ppp.中單體 ind ind 陽複依
第十九頌
[梵文原典]
skandheṣv asaṃskṛtaṃ noktam arthāyogāt tad dhi skandheṣūcyamānaṃ na tāvad eteṣv evāntarnetuṃ śakyate / arthayogāt / na hi tadrūpaṃ nāpi yāvad vijñānam iti / na cāpi ṣaṣṭhaḥ skandho vaktuṃ śakyate / kutaḥ /arthayogāt /"rāśyartho hi skandhārtha" ity uktam / na cāsaṃskṛtam atītādibhedabhinnaṃ raupādivad yatas tat sarvam aikadhyam abhisaṃkṣipyāsaṃskṛtaskandha iti saṃkhyāṃ gacchet / saṃvaleśavastujñāpanārthaṃ khalūpādānaskandhavacanaṃ saṃkleśavyavadānavastujñāpanārthaṃ skandhavacanam / na cobhayathā 'py asaṃskṛtam ity arthāyoggān na teśu vyavasthāpitam / yathā ghaṭo paramo na ghaṭa evaṃ skandho paramo na skandho bhavitum arhatīty apare / teṣāṃ dhātvāyataneṣv apy eṣa prasaṅgaḥ / uktaḥ skandhānām anyaḥ prakāraḥ // kramaḥ punaḥ /yathaudārikasaṃklesabhājanād yarthadhātutaḥ // rūpaṃ hi sapratighatvāt sarvaidārikam / arūpiṇāṃ vedanā pracāraudārikatayā / tathā hi vyapadiśanti haste me vedanā pāde me vedaneti / dvābhyāṃ caudārikatarā saṃjñā / vijñānāt saṃskārā ity ato yad audārikataraṃ tat pūrvam uktam / atha vā anādimati saṃsāre strīpuruṣā anyonyaṃ rūpābhirāmās te ca vedanāsvādagarddhāt / tadgarddhaḥ saṃjñāviparyāsāt / tadviparyāsaḥ kleśaiś cittaṃ ca tatsaṃkliṣṭam iti yathāsaṃkleśaṃ ca kramaḥ / bhājanād yarthena vā /bhājanabhojanavyañjanakarttṛ bhoktṛbhūtā hi rūpādayaḥ skandhāḥ / dhātuto vā /kāmaguṇarūpaprabhāvito hi kāmadhātuḥ / vedanāprabhavitāni dhyānāni / saṃjñāprabhavitāḥ trayaḥ ārūpyāḥ / saṃskāramātraprabhāvitaṃ bhavāgram / etā eva vijñānasthitayas tāsu ca pratiṣṭitaṃ vijñānam iti kṣetrabījasaṃdarśanārthaḥ skandhānukramaḥ / ata eva pañcaskandhā nālpyāṃso na bhūyāṃsaḥ / ata eva ca kramakāraṇād vedanāsaṃjñe saṃskārebhyaḥ pṛthak skandhīkṛte / yata ete audārikatāre saṃkleśānukaramahetū bhojanavyañjanabhūte tatprabhāvitaṃ ca dhātudvayam iti // āyatanadhātūnāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ cakṣurādīnām anukramo vaktavyaḥ / tadvaśenaiva hi tadviṣayavijñānānāṃ kramaḥ /
[真諦譯文]
偈曰:陰中除無為 義不相應故
釋曰:若於五陰中說三無為,不可安立令與陰相符。何以故?義不相應故。雲何不相應?此無為安色中,非色乃至非識。不可說為第六陰。何以故?不應陰義故,陰是聚義,前已說。無為無過去、未來、現在等異如色等,由此異一切,攝聚一處可立名無為陰。為顯染汙依止故說取陰。為顯染汙清淨依止故說陰。此二義於無為中無,由義不相應故,於陰中不立無為。如瓶破壞非瓶,如此陰滅壞不可立為陰,餘師說如此。若作此執,於界、入中成反質難。說諸陰別義已。
偈曰:複次第如粗 染器等義界
釋曰:色者有礙,一切中最粗。無色中受行相粗故,世間有說:我手痛,我腳痛。想粗於二,男女等差別易分別故。於識行粗,欲瞋等相易分別故。於中識最細,由自性難分別故。是故最粗於前說。複次無始生死,男、女於色互相愛樂,由貪著,愛味。此貪由想顛倒。此顛倒由煩惱。此煩惱從染汙心生,如此如染立次第。複次由器等義立次第,如器食、肴、廚人、啖者。色等五陰亦爾。複次或由界立次第:“欲界、欲塵,色所顯。諸定受所顯。三無色界想所顯。有頂唯行所顯。此四即是識住,於四中識能依住,此陰次第,為顯田、種子次第義。是故唯立五陰不多不少。由此立次第因,於行中分受及想,別立為陰。由此受、想最麤,染汙次第因。受、想似食肴,能顯二界故,別立為陰。入、界中眼等六應說次第,何以故?由隨此塵及識次第易知故。
[玄奘譯文]
頌曰:蘊不攝無為 義不相應故
論曰:三無為法不可說在色等蘊中,與色等義不相應故。謂體非色乃至非識。亦不可說為第六識。彼與蘊義不相應故,聚義是蘊,如前具說。謂無為法,非如色等有過去等品類差別,可略一聚名無為蘊。又言取蘊為顯染依。染淨二依蘊言所顯。又無為於此二義都無,義不相應故不立蘊。有說:如瓶破非瓶,如是蘊息應非蘊。彼於處、界例應成失。如是已說諸蘊廢立,當說次第。
頌曰:隨粗染器等 界別此第立
論曰:色有對故諸蘊中粗。無色中粗唯受行相,故世說:“我手等痛言。待二想麤,男女等想易了知故。行粗過識,貪瞋等行易了知故。識最為細,總取境相,難分別故。由此隨粗立蘊次第。或從無始生死已來,男、女於色更相愛樂,此由耽著樂受味故。耽受,複因倒想生故。此倒想生,由煩惱故。如是煩惱依識而生,此及前三皆染汙識,由此隨染立蘊次第。或色如器,受類飲食,想同助味,行似廚人,識喻食者,故隨器等立蘊次第。或隨界別立蘊次第,謂欲界中有諸妙欲,色相顯了。色界靜慮有勝喜等,受想顯了。三無色中取空等相,想相顯了。第一有中思最為勝,行相顯了。此即識住,識住其中,顯似世間田、種次第,是故諸蘊次第如是。由此五蘊無增減過。即由如是諸次第因,離行別立受、想二蘊。謂受與想於諸行中相粗生染,類食同助,二界中強故,別立蘊。處、界門中應先辨說六根次第,由斯境、識次第可知。
[語言分析]
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